This lesson explores alternative history through the question: What if the Berlin Wall had never fallen? Students practice Mixed Conditionals and expressions with wish/if only to talk about regrets, missed opportunities, and hypothetical outcomes across time.

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

Learners focus on Mixed Conditionals (past → present/future and present → past) as well as wish/if only structures. Activities include gap-fills, sentence transformations, and creative scenario-building.

VOCABULARY BUILDING

Students expand vocabulary related to emotions, regrets, and history, learning useful words to express feelings, consequences, and alternative outcomes.

SKILLS & ACTIVITIES

Learners read about the Berlin Wall and its impact, then create “What if…?” scenarios in speaking and writing tasks. Activities include debates, role-plays, and reflective discussions about how different choices could have shaped the present.
This ready-to-use ESL lesson plan is designed for adults, combining grammar, vocabulary, and communication tasks to build both accuracy and fluency.